Does Merger and Acquisition of banks lead to value creation A case Dissertation

Does Merger and Acquisition of banks lead to value creation A case study of US and EU firms - Dissertation Example The paper tells that the current financial crisis engulfing the whole developed world has made financial institutions specially banks more vulnerable to takeovers and mergers. The constant decline in the performance of banks and resulting negative attitude of investors has made banks a lucrative target for acquiring. Banks work in a highly regulated and supervised environment therefore the number of stakeholders is generally higher as compared to other industries. The failure of the banks therefore can create significant political as well as economic issues. It is because of this reason that the banks are often put through the phase of consolidation in order to strengthen their equity base so that they can sustain external shocks. The implementation of regulatory environments such as Basel II and III is also considered as a step ahead in highlighting the importance of protecting the banks from complete failure. The current crisis resulted into the acquisition of banks not only by the respective governments but by the private equity firms also. This tendency therefore outlines that the merger and acquisitions within the banking industry can be one of the healthiest signs as the same can allow banks to strengthen their equity base and become more responsive towards external shocks. Consolidation either through the mergers or acquisitions is often done with the purpose of achieving greater market power, expense reduction as well as scope and scale economies. These gains therefore also believed to be translated into the value creation proposition for the firms. ... ng industry can be one of the healthiest signs as the same can allow banks to strengthen their equity base and become more responsive towards external shocks. Consolidation either through the mergers or acquisitions is often done with the purpose of achieving greater market power, expense reduction as well as scope and scale economies. These gains therefore also believed to be translated into the value creation proposition for the firms. As such there are two important implications of the bank mergers in terms of value creation i.e. whether the merger will create value for the shareholders of the banks or whether it will fail to translate those gains into credible and sustained value creation for the shareholders of the banks. This proposal will therefore outline the proposed research study on the performance of banks after their consolidation in Europe and US and how it has translated into value creation. Primarily, the proposed research will focus upon performance of banks in their post consolidation phase and whether such efforts actually result into improvement in performance. Literature Review Banks are considered as one of the highly regulated industries with multiple supervisors supervising different aspects of the banks. Since failure of the banks has a direct impact on the overall financial system of a country, it is therefore always considered as desirable to have stable and strong banking sector. There are different reasons as to why banks merge with each other and some of them are also similar to other industries. One of the key reasons as to why banks merge with each other is to increase their efficiency, achieve economies or expand into new and existing markets. These motives therefore allow banks to look for opportunities to consolidate and become bigger

A Great Way to Care Essay Example for Free

A Great Way to Care Essay In chapter fifteen 2b or Not 2b? of They Say / I Say, David Crystal provides arguments in favour of text messaging. Crystal tries to prove his point that text messaging is not destroying the English language with great research, a lot of examples and a clear organization. As the author himself puts it, Texting has added a new dimension to language use, but its long-term impact is negligible. Its not a disaster. . Although some people believe text messaging is pillaging our punctuation, savaging our sentences and raping our vocabulary, Crystal insist that. In sum, then, his view is that the abbreviations were used as a natural, intuitive response to a technological problem, but that they are also more than just time and energy saving act. He considers some texts also as linguistically quite complex. Im two minds about how texting effects the english language. On the one hand, I gree that texting can be very creative and that the abbreviations we use in text massaging are nothing new, he gives use countless examples like IOU (I owe you), which is known from the year 1618 . On the other hand Im not sure if these arguments can stand against the accusations that texting is destroying the english language. For me his arguments are not convincing enough. From my own experiences (english as a foreign language) it seemed pretty hard to understand and nonsense when I heard my friends actually talking the way they text usually, like saying cos instead of because or lol. Text messaging is in this case no more just about texting, it actually effects also the way we talk. Overall I believe text messaging is a great way to communicate and motivates people to be creative and create new words or abbreviations, but it also does form its own language separating itselfs more and more from the traditional English. If its good or worse is out of my ability to judge at this time.

Dopamines role in the Psychological Architecture of Pleasure and Rewar

Dopamine's role in the psychological architecture of pleasure and reward indicates that it is a major element in the determination of reinforcement (Arias-Carrià ³n & Pà ¶ppel, 2007, p. 484). This role was postulated from the discovery of dopamine in reward pathways that are found originating from the midbrain (2). From these discoveries, it has been shown that dopamine has a profound impact upon the existence of â€Å"reward-seeking behaviors† (Arias-Carrià ³n & Pà ¶ppel, 2007, p. 481). A 2006 study done by Mathias Pessiglione and his colleagues demonstrated that subjects given L-DOPA, a precursor to dopamine, were more likely to remember decisions that led to rewards and continue to make those decisions (3). While the experiment central to this study was conducted in the form of a gambling game, the effects that dopamine has on decision making and reinforcement can be derived from the observed effects that L-DOPA had on the participants. This derivation can be made not o nly because L-DOPA is synthesized into dopamine once in the brain but also because gambling is an illuminative behavior in terms of how it represents general reward-seeking behaviors and decisions. As Óscar Arias-Carrià ³n and Ernst Pà ¶ppel put it, â€Å"DA [dopamine] is the brain's mean for reinforcing behavior† (Arias-Carrià ³n & Pà ¶ppel, 2007, p. 486). Furthermore, it has also been shown through experimentation that the responsiveness of dopamine levels in the brain to rewarding experiences is characterized by a degree of neuronal plasticity (4). In this context, â€Å"plasticity† refers to the brain's ability to alter its responses to experiences in accordance with how new or unique the experience is. This quality can help the brain to act as a sieve, filtering out experiences that are n... ...re rapid release of dopamine into the synapse (13). While these mechanisms are different, both essentially achieve the same end result of euphoria, wakefulness, and increased motor activity. These symptoms mirror those of a person with high levels of dopamine, as is seen in psychotic patients. Indeed, high doses of stimulants can even lead to psychotic states involving hallucinations. The contrasting effects of antipsychotics and stimulants on not only behavior but also cognition and physiological processes help to generate a greater understanding of the way that dopamine affects both the mind and the body. While the many nuances and subtleties of dopamine neurotransmission are not well understood, observation of the way that psychoactive drugs influence dopamine's normal functioning can help to create stronger links between this neurotransmitter and human behavior.

A Virtual Team at T. A. Stearns

Tom Andrews, Cy Crane, Marge Dector and Megan Harris are all part of a team because they cooperatively work towards the success of their small organization through the realization of their common goals and interests.Although their immediate common denominator is being part of a group that T.A. Stearns relies on for innovative programming, each member’s desire to have lenient working hours and flexible working space also gels them together to work cohesively. In fact, they have already stepped beyond working relations into the grounds of true friendship because they have learned to cover up for each other’s misgivings to be able to achieve their aims and goals.2. Has anyone in this case acted unethically?All of them, without any exception, violated their company’s trust.   This was done by concealing their new work innovation that gave them additional hours for personal time.Although it can be said that they have saved the company money by not asking for their r eward for another brilliant time-saving invention, what they have done is like stealing. The company could have saved more money by lessening their working hours but they let the company pay them unknowingly.3. What, if any, characteristics of groupthink are manifested in the work team?One of the indicators that the virtual team was already suffering from groupthink is their high moral stance. The members believed that they could cover up their â€Å"time cheating strategy† and collectively assumed that it was okay to keep their innovation a secret so that they can have more time to themselves.They even worked together to plan out how they can deceive their company by coordinating on their reports and schedules.   The team had begun to think that they were smarter than their bosses.Another indicator of group think was their arrogance regarding their working style.   The group had taken pride in their ability to have flexible time and working space compared to most people but this should not have given them the reason to scoff at those who have chosen to work differently.The most obvious indicator of group think is their move to keep information even from their leader.4. Has Dave been an effective team leader?Yes he has for he was very observant of his team.   He knew the members fairly enough to judge that there was something amiss and that he needed to get to the bottom of it right away. He was also a good leader because he immediately discussed his concerns with Cy.5. What should Dave do now?Dave would have to reveal the virtual team’s new discovery to upper management before the executives hear it through the grapevine. If I were in his shoes, I would reveal the innovation by presenting it as something the virtual team had experimented on for some time to ensure its effectiveness.   This way, Dave not only saves his virtual team but also gets a probable pat in the back from management for doing a good job.

Report on Marketing Strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited

Report on Marketing Strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited Rahimafrooz Bangladesh limited was established in 1950. As a trading company. Late A. C. Abdur Rahim was the proprietor in this time. From 1954   it was established as a limited company. In the new environment he had to start afresh. He had little capital. His main assets were self-confidence and a strong faith in the Almighty, which carried him through all the difficulties with a remarkable triumph.He finally established a small proprietary trading company named Rahimafrooz & Co, in Chittagong in 1950 which was later incorporated on 15th April 1954, which is now Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. Rahimafrooz   Ã‚  expanded rapidly into various trading items. The major milestones in   Rahimafrooz history can be  summarized as below: Incorporated in 1954 by Mr. A. C. Abdur   Rahim Distributorship of Lucas Battery in 1959 Exclusive distributorship of Dunlop tyre in 1978 Acquisition of Bangladesh operations of Lucas UK in 1980 First producer of industrial battery in 1985Pioneering Solar Power in collaboration with BP in 1985 First ever battery export – to Singapore –  in 1992 Launched Rahimafrooz Instant Power System in 1993 Acquisition of Yuasa Batteries (Bangladesh) Ltd. – in 1994 Attained ISO 9002 certification for RBL operations in 1997 First India office opened in Ahmedabad – in 2000 Awarded â€Å"Bangladesh Enterprise of the Year† in 2001 Attained ISO 14001:1996 for RBL  operations Launched â€Å"Agora† – the first ever retail chain in 2001 Launched Rahimafrooz Energy Service in 2002 – promoting distributed power. Established   Rahimafrooz CNG ltd. n 2003 Awarded â€Å"National Export Trophy† in 2003 Metronet  Bangladesh,  a  fibre  optic  based  digital  solution  provider  for  data  communication,launched in joint venture with Flora Telecom – in  2004 Received McGraw-Hill Platt Global Energ y Award  for Renewable Energy  in 2004 Received the â€Å"   Ã‚  Ashden Award† for Sustainable Energy in 2006 EPZ factory and RAL  two new company developed –  in 2008   1. 1 ORIGIN OF THE REPORT: This project   Ã‚  Report has been prepared as the fulfillment of the partial requirement of B. B. A Program. 1. 2 OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORTOur business courses are designed to help the students learning the technique and acquiring with skills needed effectively in management including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, motivating and controlling, problems in achieving organizational goals in differing managerial environments as a part in different management system. So the prime aim of the regarding report is to diagnosis a company regarding their operations & thus make a nice combination of my four years educational learning. The main objective of the report is marketing strategy of   Ã‚  Rahimafrooz ltd. 1. PURPOSE OF THE REPORT: I take information fo r my report by two purposes. 1. 4 PRIMARY PURPOSE: The Primary purpose of this report is to partially fulfill the requirement of my Bachelor Degree. 1. 5 SECONDARY PURPOSE: Secondary sources include the internal documents like annual report company bulletin other research reports and brochures. 1. 6SOURCE AND METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA:The report is organized by secondary source of data. Various report’s brochure, catalog, articles and journals, projects profile, dealer credit policy, and Rahimafrooz website is used in this regard. 1. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY: Firstly, judging a company’s activity relative to competitor is not an easy task. This study has tried to figure out the key factors that has an effect towards the profitability of the company. Secondly, analyzing the secondary data and comparing it with the primary data was a major problem in making the report. Thirdly, lack of adequate knowledge has a effect in   Ã‚  writing the report properly. Chapter Two Com pany history Founder Late A. C. Abdur   Ã‚  Rahim (1915-1982). Rahimafrooz   Ã‚  Bangladesh Limited A man of strict religious values, yet a believer in progressive dynamism, and dreamer who thought nothing is impossible – Late A C Abdur Rahim overcame numerous challenges and obstacles to become one of the most accomplished entrepreneurs of this country. Born on the 20th of January 1915, he lost both his parents by the time he was seven years of age. Deprived of formal schooling and a typically comfortable childhood, he grew up as a man with strong determination, hardworking diligence, and humane compassion. By the early 1940s, Mr. Rahim started small scale commercial trading on his own. He moved to Chittagong in 1947 and stared afresh with very little capital in hand, but with a whole world of courage and faith.In 1950, he established the small trading concern dealing in various items. This proprietary business was formally incorporated on April 15, 1954 as Rahimafrooz & Co. Till date, Rahimafrooz Group commemorates this as its â€Å"Foundation Day†. The childhood hardship and the struggle in his young years only made Mr. Rahim a strong individual, a faithful human being, and a leader full of compassion and humanity. He was a caring father and an affectionate person throughout his life. Whoever, in his lifetime, came in touch with Mr. Rahim, fondly remembers him as a man of tremendous humility, dignity, and trustworthiness.His   passion for continuously improving himself and his religious and ethical righteousness, and his dedication to please his customers – are still prevalent in today’s Rahimafrooz culture – shaping the Group’s present and its future. Today’s Rahimafrooz is a dream that Mr. A C Abdur Rahim turned into reality. The business growth, the social commitment, and the great diversity in today’s Rahimafrooz are the outcome of one lifetime of hard work and compassion from Mr. Rahim. He br eathed his last on March 14, 1982 in London. But his work and his virtue have kept him alive forever.May Allah grant him with eternal peace. Over the decades, Rahimafrooz has grown in size, scale, and diversity. The Group today has Eight Operating Companies (SBUs), a few other business ventures, and a not for profit social enterprise. As of 2011, the Group currently employs more than three thousand people directly and a further twenty thousand indirectly as suppliers contractors, dealers and retailers. Rahimafrooz operates in four broad segments – Storage Power, Automotive & Electronics, Energy and Retail. We have strengthened our market leadership at home while reaching out to international markets.Ranging from automotive   after   Ã‚  market products, energy and power solutions, to a world class retail chain – the team at Rahimafrooz is committed to ensuring the best in quality standards and living the Group’s five core values – Integrity, Excellenc e, Customer Delight , Innovation and Inspiring People. Rahimafrooz has been a partner in the development journey of this nation for more than fifty-five years now. We set ourselves the highest standards in responsible corporate behavior and our passion for success is aligned with the development of the country.We are committed to playing a leading role in driving growth, prosperity, ethical values and social responsibility. We continue to serve our customers through unparalleled quality excellence and service superiority. Our business success has been complemented by our commitment to the environment, society and community. At Rahimafrooz, We are – ‘enriching lives with your trust’! 2. 1 Aspiration: To be most admire and trusted organization through excelling in everything we do, following ethical business practice and adding value to stake holder. 2. 2 Vision:Be an enterprising group of Taka 2,000 crore by the year 2010 with the diversified business portfolio fo cus on dynamic growth, excellence, innovation, customer delight in enriching our world. 2. 3 Vision 2015: A billion dollar diversified group committed to adding value to all stakeholders and community Value: Integrity in all our dealing Excellence in everything we do Total commitment to customer satisfaction Thinking ahead and taking new initiative 2. 4 Quality policy: We, as a team, totally committed to customer delight through intelligent effort and continuous improvement. 2. Community service: Rahimafrooz regularly contribute personal, monetary and medical help to  people disadvantaged by  natural calamities and  serious illness. Rahimafrooz also makes significant contribution to leading diabetic and cancer hospitals. 2. 6 Achievements of RBL: Asia’s Best Brand  Ã‚  CMO Award 2010 Asia’s Best Employer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SC& FE,  CSR  Ã‚  Award 2008 Brand Leadership  Ã‚  Award 2008 Ashden   Award  Award 2006 National export trophy Award 2001- Chapt er three Strategic business unit (SBU) RBL 3. SBUs (Strategic Business Units): Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. (Group Parent Company)Rahimafrooz (Batteries) Ltd. Rahimafrooz Distribution Ltd. Rahimafrooz Energy Services Ltd. Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. Rahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. Excel Resources Ltd. Rahimafrooz Globatt Ltd. Rahimafrooz service center 3. 1 Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. (Group Parent Company: Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Limited (RABL) is the Group Holding and Parent Company including the Group Corporate Center that guides the Strategic Business Units (SBUs). It ensures continuous management innovation, technology adoption, new initiatives, corporate governance and compliance.Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd has imported world famous Dunlop Tire and Tube which is producing in Japan and India. At present Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. Is one of the top most organizations in the country many officer and personnel work hard. From the development of the orga nization Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. is mainly work in four divisions 1. Corporate Division 2. Manufacturing Division 3. Marketing and sales division 4. International division The chairman is the chief executive officer of the organization and the director is the head of every division. Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. has one head office in Motiheel.Two service offices in Dhaka and Chittagong and one factory in Nakhal Para and other is Savar. Regional office is operated by regional manager who has controlled all the sales force and also has responsible for his job to the managing director of head office. Every appointed dealer in the sales center of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. they always get up great training from the company to serve the customer all over the country there are near about 180 dealers of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. Often the company organize conference for the dealer and they create the opportunity to exchange their value. . 2 Rahimafrooz Battery Ltd: Rahimafrooz batter y ltd has mainly marketed Rahimafrooz battery. At present Rahimafrooz company has been producing and marketing more than one hundred categories battery. Automotive battery and motor cycle battery are produced by Rahimafrooz Company. This is very popular in the market and also high quality. The Company’s manufacturing plants produce a range of products – automotive, motorcycle, and appliance batteries, Industrial (stationary, deep cycle, traction, VRLA batteries, IPS and UPS batteries, and rectifiers.Lucas and Spark are the leading names in the local automotive battery market while Volta, Optus and Delta are gaining equity as International brands. RBL has a successful story of installing solar power in the remote rural areas of Bangladesh. It has successfully installed more than 10,000 home solar systems in the remote rural areas of Bangladesh. In Bangladesh Rahimafrooz Factory is situated in Nakhal Para. Tejgoan. It is the heist battery production capacity factory. The authority tries their level best but to keep its quality through skill and efficient engineer Plant Capacity: Rahimafrooz has state of the art manufacturing plants.We are equipped with all latest technologies with complete air treatment and lead-recycling management. RBL produces different types of batteries to meet the local and international market. Its capacity in Automotive Battery is 660,000 (N50) units per annum and Industrial Battery is 41 million AH/annum. By the end of 2010, these will increase to 8000,000 (N50) and 120 Million AH respectively. All the products are manufactured following strict quality and environmental standards, and are ensured by international certifications too. Our main product range includes: Automotive battery Motorcycle batteryAppliance battery Deep cycle – Flat plate battery Industrial tubular battery VRLA battery IPS and UPS batteries 3. 3 RAHIMAFROOZ DISTRIBUTION LTD: The company has a huge relation with the market to distribute its produ cts through the network of dealers. It has almost near about 200 dealers, 280 Retailers and 95 Lubricant Dealers across the country for distributing Dunlop   tyre, Lucas batteries, Volta batteries, RZ   tire, BP lubricants and Rahimafrooz instant power system. RDL’s portfolio includes international tyre brands Dunlop and Kenda while it also carries its own brand RZ Tyre and  battery brands Lucas and Spark.RDL is the exclusive franchisee of the world’s leading lubricant brand Castrol. Through Rahimafrooz IPS, UPS and Voltage Stabiliser, the company enjoys clear leadership of the emergency power products market. In addition, it also runs eight automobile service centres in Dhaka and Chittagong. Recently the company has entered the electronic goods market. It distributes and markets various household appliances and electronic goods through RDL’s newly inaugurated electronics retail chain, Ureka and its numerous sales outlets.RDL product portfolio includes the followings: Tyre RDL   markets different tyres for car, bus, truck and auto-rickshaw. It is the sole distributor of DUNLOP in Bangladesh. RZ Tyre is its own premium heavy duty truck/bus tyre fit for Bangladeshi road. It also markets other economy tyres. Automotive RDL markets three major brands of automotive batteries: LUCAS, VOLTA, VOLTA MF (Maintenance Free) and SPARK. All batteries are produced by RBL. Power Back-Up System RahimAfrooz   Ã‚  IPS and Rahimafrooz UPS are two popular power back-up systems marketed by RDL. LubricantRDL is the marketer and sole agent of Castrol, one of the lubricant giants Rahimafrooz solar is started with a  pilot project with the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission. Rahimafrooz Solar supplies solar-electricity to the remote villages of Bangladesh. More than 30,000 thousand families are supplied with solar power with help of NGOs and International Organizations. Excel retires limited RBL is the leading tyre retread company in Bangladesh. ERL ha s been serving the industry since 1994 providing  best quality of retreads. Its plant is capable of retreading tyres of  car, bus, and truck.EXCEL RESOURCES LTD Excel Resources Ltd. (ERL) is a leading name for tyre retread. ERL also manufactures and markets emery cloths and abrasive papers. ABOUT RETREAD Retread of tyre is a process whereby new tread rubber is applied on a used tyre casing; if done properly, this process allows similar mileage like new tyres. The process extends longer casing life. Based on the casing, a tyre can be retread up to 3 or 4 times, as long as the casing supports. The retread process is eco-friendly and does not result in environmental pollution.A retread tyre can save up to 50% of new tyre’s cost. Every time you buy and use a retread tyre, you help to conserve Their valuable natural resources and since retread tyres are less expensive than comparable new tyres, one can save money while helping the environment. This is truly a win-win situation 3. 4   Rahimafrooz   Energy Services Ltd. BRAND Rahimafrooz   Energy Services Limited was established in the year 2000 as a standby, captive anddistributed power solution provider. It is a leading name in the diesel generator industry having a customer base of nearly 700.Its clientele comprise of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecoms, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments including the Armed Forces. The company is marketing both diesel and gas generators from Pramac Power Engineering, Italy and Spain, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Limited, Japan. Rahimafrooz Energy is also providing Rental Power with both diesel and gas generators. Rahimafrooz Energy is the Authorized Distributor of GE Consumer & Industrial Lighting, USA and Exclusive Distributor of Wiring Accessories and Low Voltage Protection Devices from Hager, France in Bangladesh.Located at the heart of Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka Rahimafrooz Energy is equipped with the necessary service facilities and ready availability of stocks for all kinds of organizations and individuals requiring energy related solutions RESL is the Exclusive Distributor of PRAMAC in Bangladesh. It markets diesel generators up to 2500 KVA for multiple users. Its customers comprised of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecom companies, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments.Established with the aim of being a provider of standby, captive and distributed power solutions offering 24X7 customer services, the company is now ready to launch three new products which are gas generators, power rentals and electrical accessories. In a short span of five years, Rahimafrooz Energy Services Limited has grown to be a highly reliable energy solution company. PRAMAC generators come up to 2,500 KVA for multipurpose use. Its customers comprised of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecom companies, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments. . 5 RAHIMAFROOZ   Ã‚  RENEWABLE ENERGY LTD Transforming the lives of people and lighting up different corners of the country, Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd. (RRE) has been providing Rahimafrooz Solar solutions for households, agriculture, healthcare, education, rural streets and marketplaces. To date, RRE has lightened up more than 40,000 rural homes in Bangladesh and the Company is endeavoring to do much more in the future. The abundance, inexhaustibility and non polluting nature of solar energy, have made it right alternative for conventional energy sources, which are getting fast exhausted.So far only a small portion of solar energy is being harnessed for use in solar water heating, solar lighting, telecommunications, medical refrigeration and solar water pumping. Working closely with Bangladesh Government’s agencies, NGOs, donor and partner organizations, and international agencies, RRE offers a full rage of solar solutions including home lighting, street lighting, heating systems, water pumps, Photo Voltaic (PV) centralized systems, drip irrigation systems, vaccine refrigeration, support for computer and other electronic systems, and a number of other solutions.More than 60,000 homes already been illuminated with RRE’s solar efforts and the number is always growing. Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd. At first has marketed solar energy by exporting it from England. The following places and the institutions are the user of solar. 1. Hospital and Clinic 2. Irrigation project 3. School, Masjid, Road, Television 4. Telecommunication sector. 5. Railway signal 6. To find out the river way. The Organization where the solar Energy is set up 1. NGO 2. Tea Garden 3. Army cantonment Chittagong 4. Private Organization 3. 6 RAHIMAFROOZ CNG LTD. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. RACNG) offers comprehensive solutions for CNG refueling, conversion, conversion centers, and maintenance. The Com pany runs state-of-the-art CNG conversion centers offering 1st to 5th generation conversion, and is setting up a wide country-wide network of refueling stations. It also assists, through equipments, technological know-how, training and marketing, in setting up CNG conversion centers and refueling stations INSTALLATION OF CNG STATION: It helps to setup CNG Fuel Station on a turn-key basis. It also assists in obtaining financial support from the Financial Institution to setting up CNG station.It provides round the clock technical supports and training   CNG CONVERSION: It has its own conversion centers where you can convert your Octane or Petrol driven automobile into CNG. Rahimafrooz CNG offers an innovative and technically advanced system for conversion of all types of vehicles into CNG It is the sole technical and commercial representative of Lo. gas s. r. l. of Italy. All CNG components are given full warranty with necessary technical support. CNG SERVICES: It also provides all types of technical support related to CNG stations, systems and kits to individuals and institutions. 3. 7 Rahimafrooz Superstores LtdRahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. (RSL) made a breakthrough in the urban lifestyles by launching the first retail chain in the country – Agora. With outlets in important locations in Dhaka, and many more coming at key locations in Dhaka and other major cities, Agora is endeavoring to fulfill the everyday needs of the urbanites through fair price, right assortment, and best quality. While Agora mainly focuses on food items – ranging from a wide variety of fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, bakery, dairy, and grocery – it also carries a vast array of other household, grocery, personal care, and various other products.Having started its journey in 2001, Agora is committed to sustaining and growing as the most trusted, loved, and frequented retail chain. Agora outlets: Dhanmodi Gulshan Mogbajar Mirpur 3. 8   Rahimafrooz Globatt Ltd (RGL) Ra himafrooz Globatt Ltd (RGL) is the global wing of Rahimafrooz group. As part of excelling two decades of international market experience and aspiring to become a truly global company, this state of the art Maintenance Free (MF) and Sealed Maintenance Free (SMF) battery manufacturing plant was established in the year 2009. With 2. million unit production capacity per year, RGL is the largest battery export plant in South Asia. In recognition to its quality management system, RGL has received ISO 9001:2008 Certification from Orion Registrar, Inc. , USA. The manufacturing process of RGL ensures highest level of environment sustainability. RGL offers a broad range of maintenance free automotive batteries manufactured according to JIS and DIN standard for a variety of vehicles, ranging from small cars to large commercial vehicles. RGL also manufactures deep cycle battery for inverter application.All these batteries have been designed by one of the leading German company. These batteries are designed for millions of vehicle enthusiasts across Asia & Pacific, Middle East, Africa, Europe and Americas. As the pay off line of  its flagship brand GLOBATT â€Å"Drive Within† illustrates, the battery is winning heart and mind of the consumers around the globe through its unparallel performance. Metro net Rahimafrooz Group, in a joint enterprise, has ventured into the first ever fiber optical commercial networking backbone in Bangladesh Metronet Bangladesh Ltd. (MBL).MBL provides robust data communication services to private sector offices, financial institutions, ATMs, and many other institutions. GreyFab and Asia Tex are two other businesses that manufacture and export textile and terry towels. Rural Service Foundation (RSF) is a not-for-profit social enterprise endeavoring to alleviate poverty and supporting the rural poor. The poverty alleviation model of RSF is based on three basic principles – affordable, replicable, and sustainable. RSF has been helpi ng the rural poor, through programs involving solar home systems, irrigation, bio gas, contract farming, battery powered instant power systems etc.Besides, RSF also runs â€Å"Dhaka Project† which is a home to some 600 urban street children, providing them with shelter, education, food, clothing, and care. Supported by Rahimafrooz. 3. 9 RAHIMAFROOZ SERVICE CENTER : Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd service center is situated in 13 Mahakhali commercial areas in Dhaka. Here the product of Rahimafrooz is sold and servicing also. Here the service is done in modern computerized system. The   Ã‚  complain is also solved and handle from here. and a number of generous donors from home and abroad, RSF has a country-wide network with nearly fifty field offices. . 10 Sales process: Diesel generator: Project 1. Pre-sales meeting: (sale people) Discussion with customer regarding the actual need, the size of the generator, KVA, installation process etc. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inform customer re garding product feature b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site visit: evaluate the customer recommended location where generator would be placed c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Load calculation d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site suggestion: Inform customer regarding installation process; provide product recommendation based on site etc. e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Estimated price rates 1. Offer submission (based on customer requirement)Technical Product list Financial offer Other parties involve with offer submission. (They evaluate the offer) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Financial institution/ Bank b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consultant c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Construction contactor 1. Follow up (before sale) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Over phone b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Direct visit 1. Final Negotiation meeting Price Product 1. If accepted   by the customer then work order is issued   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   schedule date for installation material estimate or list of material material arrangement relevant document Price and mode of paym ent 1. payment (as per work order) 2. re-installation inspection (sale people and installation and service supervisor * customer name and address * package number * capacity * installation place * material list * delivery date 1. delivery/dispatch (store officer 2. installation 3. follow up ( after sales) by the sales people 4. bill collection (accounts and sales people) * description of equipment * model * commissioning date * amount of bill claimed by the RESL 1. A. Corporate: Definition: corporate customers are those customers who buy a bulk amount of products from RESL. It can be Bank, factory, hospital, real estate or industry.Sales process is same 1 to 11 Installation Sources/sales leads are different. B. Individual: Definition: individual customers are those customers who buy one or two products from RESL. It can be Bank, factory, hospital, real estate or industry. Sales process is same 1 to 11 (except work order) 100% payment before delivery sources/sales leads are different 1. B. Referral : Colleague from RDL, RBL and etc Sales lead given by commission agent Sales man of RESL has contact with other company’s sales man   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Refer customer to the RESL. Receive commission   from RESL to 11 same processes. Except work order for individual but for corporate (need work order) 1. C. Third party/Contract proposal: Rail way , police buy from third party Third party buy from RESL (supplier of generator)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But all after sales services given by the RESL Sources of sales lead: From colleague like RDL,RBL sales person of other company existing customer Direct call from customer( new or existing customer) Sales lead given by commission agent From bill board Newspaper Related generator company/ similar trend business Consultant Road site Field representativeDirect sale Customer direct come to RESL Project| Corporate| Individual| Third party/contract proposal | Referral|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From Existing customerDirect sale  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Direct saleFrom bill boardNewspaper  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From bill boardNewspaperDirect saleField representativeRoad siteRelated generator company/ similar trend business|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From bill boardNewspaper|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From colleague like RDL,RBLsales person of other companySales lead given by commission agentConsultant| Figure #1 3. 11 After sales service: 1. Installation (project and individual/corporate) 2. Service (individual) . I. Emergency service 2. II. Schedule service 3. Service (project) 1. Installation( individual/corporate) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site visit b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pre-installation inspection (sale people and installation -service supervisor)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   customer name and address package number capacity installation place material list delivery date c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Material arranged Material bought by the customer (cable) or RESL provide it. d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on that date follow up and confirm that today you have installation date. e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which engineer will go for installation (his name, place and date)?This record is in excel sheet f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Commissioning sheet * Site code * customer name * Package no * Supplier address * Technical terms * Other relevant information * Comments from customer * signed by RESL service engineer and customer 2. Service ( individual ) 1. I. Emergency service (warranty period 1year or running hour1500h) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hot line b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Call from customer c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whether this product is within warrant or not d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Commissioning sheet cheeked by service coordinator   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   customer name Package no Supplier address Technical terms Other relevant information Comments from customer igned by RESL service engineer and customer e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If it is within warranty then free service and prompt( excluding Lub oil fi lter, air filter, fuel filter and culent filter parts) f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   send engineer to the sight g)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Service sheet sign by engineer and customer with the bill copy, feed back sheet and other material h)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Follow up only for individual (everyday at least 10 calls from excel sheet randomly) i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Documentation how many times complains come from client. j)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Problems sheet send to Service complain par day——–6 to 10 k)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   She only send critical problem to the COOEmergency service for an example>hospital>1) normal problem> normal engineer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   >2) critical problem> critical enginee r 1. II. Schedule service a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hot line b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tell Detail information about product( KVA and price rate) c) Offer give by service coordinator of RESL[this is basically gave idea about relevant parts for generator]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Description of material Quantity Price Signature by service engineer d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If accepted then schedule date e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bill collection f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   AMC service[Dhaka and out   side Dhaka city] Critical A ——–one service—–price range different *   Non Critical —-one service—–price range different * Super Critical —one service—–price range different * Working hour * Payment date * Exclusion * Other applicable terms * Starting date g)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inform about Servicing after 50h/200h/ or 6month which ever come first ( excluding Lub oil filter, air filter, fuel filter and culent filter parts) h)     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Engineer send to the customer with the bill copy, feed back sheet and other material i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Payment( partially or full) j)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Follow up monthly wise )  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All Problems sheet send to (senior officer- customer relation l)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Service complain par day——–10 to 15 m)  Ã‚  Ã‚   She only send critical problem to the COO C. Service (project): Projects are those customers who bought a bulk amount of product. For an example GP bought——560+ diesel generators. 5 people are working as a service coordinator to maintain the service for project. Different people are handling different type project. So, their working style is also different. They have 5projects (GP, Bangla link, Eric son, AKTEL and Motorola. Processes are same but record keeping/documentation is different.Installation (projects): service coordinator Estimated( everything including product, pa rts and etc) given by the project * customer name * Package no * Supplier address * Technical terms * Other relevant information * Comments from customer * signed by RESL service engineer and customer RESL take all estimated   material( material list) for installation to the site If any extra parts or material need then RESL claim extra bill for that Commissioning paper and engineer sign that paper Problems: Service engineers are not identifying the specific problem. Every time new service engineer was coming and telling customer about new problem.Different service engineers are sending for same problem. customer become dissatisfied and for this reason sell will be decline in future Stock out problem Not delivery at proper time Not inform problem to the original sales people by Proper service Place Manpower Branding Promotion Promotion (integrated Marketing communication): RESL was doing Same Promotion for all products. For an example: diesel generator, GE lighting and power renta l. Above the line Through the line Below the line Above the line   | Bill board | Press add| Add Design for bill board | Process of press advertising:Design developed   by RESL with agency Rate (fixed)[on behalf of RESL negotiation with news paper by Agency] a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which paper b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Page number c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What size d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Color Quotation send by add agency Work order send by RESL Payment Chapter four Branding 4. 1 Brand: A name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or a group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition. Brand elements, sometimes called brand identities, are those trademark able devices that serve to identify and differentiate the brand.The main brand elements are brand names, logos, symbols, characters, slogans, jingles, and packages. Brand element choice criteria: 1. MEMORABLE Easily recognized: it is easy to r ecognize because this is already a establish brand (general electric) Easily recalled: easy to recall also 2. MEANINGFUL Fun and interesting Rich visual and verbal imagery 3. PROTECTABLE Legally Competitively 4. ADAPTABLE Flexible Updatable 5. TRANSFERABLE Within and across product categories Across geographical boundaries and cultures The quality parameter: ProductQuality| Generator| Performance| v| Feature| v| Conformance quality| v| Reliability| v|Durability| v| Serviceability| v| Style and design| v| 4. 2 Steps of brand building TARGET MARKET| OTHER VARIABLES| VALUE INNOVATION| VALUE PRICING| VALUE DELIVERY | VALUE PROPOSITION | Brand Elements| STEPS IN BUILDING BRAND| Product Engineering| Creating Differentiation| Five Dimensional Branding| Win – WinSituation| Cost-EffectiveDistribution| Position the brand in the mind of the prospect| Create awareness/ identity of name/ symbol/personality | Position the brand to differentiate from others | Create brand image| Create trus t in the minds of customers, prospects and other stakeholders by maintaining consistency and DEL | BRAND EQUITY| Build awareness to the mind of the prospect. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Branded vehicle b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All Transportation of GE will covered by the GE stickers c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sales man will build awareness to the dealer d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tell detail about the   brand like GE e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Provide GE T-shirt to all sales people 4. 3   Experience wheel of Rahimafrooz Chapter Five Supply chain  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   management 5. 1 Function of Physical distribution: Inventory control a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How much to order? b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When to order? Warehouse(private) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tejgaon b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Begun bari c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mirpur Material handling )  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain the quality of storage b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moving right goods at the right ti me to make them available to the right customer. Transportation a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Own b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Private Channel structure: Indirect| Intermediary (RESL)| Manufacturer| End user| Level of intensities: Distribution from single outlet (RESL)| Exclusive| Ware house entry process: 1. Normal entry 2. Warranty entry A) Normal entry [which come from direct principle] Entry new products L/C number About product part number and serial number Input to the excel sheet Kept in store Delivery B) Warranty entry Entry Defective productsMatch with the product part number and serial number Input to the excel sheet For Defective products kept in store[ for physical evidence] Delivery Current process (re-placement flow): 5. 2 Target market : The target market is group of customer to whom the company aims its marketing effort. The   target market of the RBL is automobile users   and industries telecommunication, power station, railway   system, electric vehicle, forklift, ship   buoy lighting and solar power system and household for IPS and UPS battery. targeting   board groups of buyers within a specific product/market, such as automobiles.Consider for example, the global market for automobiles. In 2003 the sales   of   the Chevrolet Impala model where 1. 5 million units, In 2005 the sale corolla best selling model has sales of about 300,000 unit . considering automobile market   RBL segmented their markets and develop product like locus. The fragmentation of needs and want in market is creating subgroups of buyers of buyers within the total market, each displaying different customer satisfaction requirements. such  Ã‚   differention provides   and   opportunity for business to design product offerings to meet the needs of customer indifferent market segment.Targeting all people  Ã‚   and also organization in a market is not a typical strategy for RBL. instead, many target one or more segment within the total market. Deciding what people to target is a critically important strategic decision. Customer focus Rbl are focusing on customer. getting to close to customer Rahimafrooz associates   Ã‚  directly   with distribution, retailers and also buyers to know what drives customer satisfaction, identify customer   needs, and use those needs to target market where the business can achieve a sustainable and significant competitive advantage in this field.RBL understand customer preferences and   requirement and offerings superior value RBL developed a centralized customer feedback and query sell total commitment to customer satisfaction â€Å"is one is of their values. listening to what customer say in continual systematic way is a key tool to comprehend their needs and requirement and to satisfy them a achievement excellence in their product and service accordingly. All individuals of Rahimafrooz Group interact with customers and members of the  public everyday and do hear, eceive, or learn about their comment s, complaints, views, etc on the products, services, and dealings of the company A systematic and organized way of managing these feedbacks and queries will surely strengthen their total commitment to customer satisfaction. Strategic Policies Innovative: RBL always   find creative means to achieve their desired results, while  building on the experiences of others. Leaders : RBL aggressively in the forefront of economic development for their target markets; others will use their success  to measure own. Renewals and Growth:RBL focus our efforts and incorporate values into actions that contribute to a positive, effective and  sustainable economic transformation in the  Region. Enterprising  People: RBL find,  embrace  and  support  the  efforts  of  customers, suppliers and employees who are motivated to undertake new or risky paths that result in  personal and  company growth. Enterprising Businesses: RBL attract and engage companies willing to change a nd take risk to achieve sustainable growth, thereby providing increased employment and wealth to the Region. The Region:RBL will serve the broad  geographic area rather than Bangladesh. Strategies Build a support system that will enable the successful execution of resources to innovate superior products. Develop production process based on  the strategic plan  implementation requirements Develop cross-functional team to support  implementation of the  strategic plan. Develop a performance measures tool Develop  a  process  for  continual  feedback  on   progress  from  the  market  and  periodic assessment and  revision of their marketing strategy and plans. 5. 3 How RBL Become Market Leader 1. ive the values Integrity Honest, fair and impartial to all. – e. g. delivering on promises to external and internal customers. Excellence Self  discipline,  personal  responsibility,  overall  commitment  e. g. (a) Taking  personal resp onsibility for delivering the results as planned. e. g. (b)   Finding and  implementing new or  improved solution. Total Customer satisfaction This applies to both  internal and external customers, and must fully  satisfy both. This means those understanding their expectations, and  matching to our  resources/capabilities. Taking new initiativesFinding and implementing new ways of solving or improving issues 2. RESULT  ORIENTED Achieving   Ã‚  targets, taking corrective action, giving  feedback. 3. TEAM  BUILDER Empathic, Compassionate . e. g. (a) Receptive to ideas, complaints, feedback of others and adding positive suggestions (b)  Actively coaching team members for their  development. 4. RECEPTIVE  TO  CHANGE E. g. deriving maximum   Ã‚  benefit from   the new style of supportive training programs rather  than the previous directive style of training. 5. VISIONARY Recognizing the qualities & skills required to aspire to the company’s vis ion e. . Constantly  benchmarking themselves to fulfill aspirations. 6. ENTREPRENEURIAL Proactive, risk-taking, Self-starter, innovative, confident e. g. Constantly strive to improve knowledge of company. 5. 4 SWOT ANALYSIS OF RBL According to the study if the organization strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis of   Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd is described bellow; Strengths: Excellent cycling ability  high reliability and exceptionally long life Large electrolyte reservoir high tolerance to water loss and minimal maintenance High charging efficiencyLow self discharge, dry pre-charged plates High rate of discharge performance High resistance to adverse mechanical and electrical condition Weaknesses: Expensive than other competitors’ brand Low self discharge Opportunities: Evolution into a â€Å"Plug-in Hybrid† with higher capacity batteries and a drive train designed to operate for extended periods in electric-only mode. spread into other market sectors Increasing awareness of environmental issues likely to keep demand high. licensing of technology to other manufacturers Threats Increasing Global CompetitionLow price batteries offered by China Increasing raw materials price Chapter Six Findings Product Basis Market Share: Rahimafrooz Battery Ltd 27 Feb 2011 †¦ Bangladesh now has a battery market of 0. 6 million units worth Tk 5. 0 billion a year and Rahimafrooz has 75 per cent market share. Rahimafrooz’s     Globatt hits Local Market â€Å"We exported 0. 6 million batteries in the last two years with   Ã‚  Globatt   Ã‚  having 60 per cent share of the total units. Mr. Moin said at present there is a demand of 400 million batteries worldwide while Rahimafrooz exports 0. 5 million units a year. Business DomainsThis section describes Rahimafrooz Group’s businesses according to the four broad segments that its companies operate in. Storage Power: Rahimafrooz Group is the largest manufacturer a nd exporter of automotive and industrial batteries in Bangladesh and has the largest battery export plant in South Asia. Automotive and Electronics: Rahimafrooz Group markets and distributes various automotive after-market products such as automotive batteries, tyres and lubricant as well as electronics ranging from home appliances, power backup systems, lighting products, and electrical accessories.The Group is also one of the leading complete CNG solution providers in the country. Energy: Rahimafrooz Group has a significant presence in the energy sector of Bangladesh and offers a wide range of renewable and conventional energy solutions. Retail: Rahimafrooz Group introduced the first retail chain of superstores in Bangladesh and has played a major role in redefining everyday shopping. After gathering information I can draw the following findings: As it is found that average 75% of market share is obtained by RBL.Most of the dealers claim that they receive their order, but it is no t in   ordering period. Cent percent dealers’ claims that they are dissatisfied with the products of RBL. The Rahimafrooz Group has more than 10 exclusive outlets. Bangladesh’s largest manufacturer†¦distributor of automotive and industrial batteries. Bangladesh-based Rahimafrooz Batteries Ltd (RBL) expects India operations to contribute 10 per cent to the company’s global revenues by 2013. Rahimafrooz IPS & UPS are best in country. RBL is the first producer of industrial battery.It is a leading name in the diesel generator industry having a customer base of nearly 900. RREL is also the pioneer in providing solar-hybrid solutions for Telecom Operators’ BTS towers and solar powered irrigation systems in Bangladesh. Skilled and well-trained team to ensure quality workmanship Excellent after sales service. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. (RACNG) is one of the leading complete CNG solution providers in the country Chapter Seven Recommendation Service engineers are not identifying the specific problem. Every time new service engineer was coming and telling customer about new problem.Different service engineers are sending for same problem. customer become dissatisfied and for this reason sell will be declined in future Stock out problem Not delivery at proper time Not inform problem to the original sales people by Proper service Place Manpower Branding Promotion If company solves these problems then it will grow faster. Conclusion No business stays at the top if it doesn’t maintain its performance. Thus it is very important to fulfill the demand of the consumers through competitive advantage.This study has gone through different stages to identify the relations of marketing tools that can affect significantly the market share of Rahimafrooz’s product. Going through, Rahimafrooz’s product also identifies different activities of the competitors because there are also players who have special interest are their market share in the same market. Timeliness of the data is very important. I want to mention that here I learned how to work in professional environment with challenges in the real development world, how to improve coding and design techniques and how to cope with different working Throughout the whole development process.I got the chance to implement my theoretical knowledge of marketing that I learnt over last 4 years from my respected faculty members of ASA University of Bangladesh. Not only that, through report writing I got to know how to compose professional and formal reports for any project or research works. I have taken total marketing strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited. Through this I have tried to give an actual scenario of Marketing Strategy.

Critical Theory and Other Challengers to Traditional Realism in International Relations The WritePass Journal

Critical Theory and Other Challengers to Traditional Realism in International Relations ABSTRACT Critical Theory and Other Challengers to Traditional Realism in International Relations ABSTRACTIntroductionRealism and Its CriticsRealism’s Continued Validity in an Era of Global CapitalismConclusionREFERENCESRelated ABSTRACT International relations (IR) has traditionally been a field dominated by classical realism (or neorealism) in which states are considered to be the chief actors on the international stage, which is an ‘anarchic’ system where no organizations, institutions or supra-national entities are able to control and regulate them.   This is especially true with Great Powers, empires and superpowers like the United States, which write the rules of them game while only adhering to them very selectively.   They not only control the smaller or weaker states, but the policies of international organizations, which are based on rational calculations of self-interest.   Over the last thirty years, unconventional alternatives, ranging from feminism to postmodernism to critical theory have challenged the hegemony of classical realism in IR theory.   This has been a necessary and welcome corrective to a field that was too heavily focused on issues of war, diplomacy and national securi ty, particularly in a period when the global capitalist system and the new technologies associated with it have been expanding exponentially, creating a more interdependent global system. Introduction No other factor in traditional international relations (IR) theory is as important as the central concept that states are the central actors on the world stage, and that they are motivated by self-interest.   For most of human history, the international system was one of ‘anarchy’ with no powers at a supra-national level to regulate and control the actions of states, and necessarily the Great Powers with the strongest militaries and economies dominated the world order (Reus-Smit and Snidal 2010).   Over the last thirty years, a confusing array of post-modernists, deconstructionists and post-structuralists, feminists and new theorists of globalization and global capitalism have challenged traditional realism on almost every level.   This caused a â€Å"civil war† within the discipline, with the critical theorists questioning the very existence of knowledge, rationality and reality, at least as they had been defined in the modern world after the Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution (Brown and Ainley 2009).   It also led to increased scepticism about the traditional primary sources used in IR and diplomatic history, particularly the official government records of states and the diaries and letters of statesmen.   Even classical realist scholars like Kenneth Waltz found their text being deconstructed to search for hidden meanings about power and domination by Western capitalism and imperialism (Brown 1994).   As a result of all this controversy, however, the IR field has become more diffuse and pluralistic, less centred on the actions of states and ruling elites, or the policies and ideologies of the most powerful Western states. Realism and Its Critics International relations (IR) has become a pluralistic field with many meaning meanings over the last thirty years, a process that has also occurred in history, political science and the other social sciences during this critical period.   Before 1945, and indeed well into the 1950s and 1960s, it was simply taken for granted that a few Great Powers and empires controlled the world, although in more recent times, U.S. domination of Latin America or â€Å"Europe’s subjugation of the tropical world was forgotten on repressed in the memory of the discipline† (Cox 2010, p. 95).   No statesman or theorist in the past could have forgotten it, though.   In more recent times, IR longer concerns itself solely with war, politics and diplomacy between the Great Powers, but has been deconstructed and reconstructed to open the door to a host of new theories and approaches, including feminism, environmentalism, capitalist institutions and organizations, new technologies, non-stat e actors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and international institutions like the United Nations, International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Trade Organization (WTO) and European Union (EU). Although the IR will never be the same again, these changes, even though difficult and controversial at the time, have been for the best.   They have certainly enlivened its discourse, at least, away from earlier preoccupations with war, peace, national security and rational actors (of the like thereof in the case of leaders like Hitler).   IR has no real consensus on theory today, if it ever did, but unlike the physical sciences , the social sciences have no â€Å"universal consensus†¦to define a field† (Brown and Ainley, p. 2).   It also has to explain what is occurring in the world when states are not at war with each other or threatening to go to war, which is actually most of the time.   It has been forced to accept a plurality of theories because it deals with a complex world over lengthy periods, and the actions of a very diverse hodgepodge of groups, interests and states (Brown and Ainley, p. 12).   For this reason, there also appears to be a â€Å"seem ing lack of progress for the field as a whole†, but the truth is that reality is just messy (Reus-Smit and Snidal, p. 5). Realism’s Continued Validity in an Era of Global Capitalism Stephen Walt and other realists still insisted in the 1990s that for all the verbiage about globalization and the New World Order, the Great Powers were still in control of the system.   At that time, the U.S. appeared to be the unchallenged superpower, which had never been the case during the Cold War, and therefore realism remained the â€Å"most compelling general framework for understanding international relations† (Walt 1998, p. 43).   Although its leaders often spoke the language of globalism and Wilsonian internationalism, in reality they still acted on American self-interest and felt free to support or ignore international organizations like the IMF, UN and WTO as they saw fit.   All American presidents have issued public pronouncements in the language of democracy, freedom and liberal internationalism, no matter that a close study of their actual records shows them to have mostly been following realist policies (Nye 2008, p. 99).   Few other countries were pow erful enough within the international system to enjoy this luxury, which has been particularly true during the current recession and the latest round of IMF-style Structural Adjustment Programmes.   Liberalism was still a useful theory for explaining the influence of international capitalism and domestic politics, which constructivism took into account changes in regimes, culture and ideologies among ruling groups that classical realism tended to overlook, but fundamentally the strongest nations and empires dominated the world order as they always had. Realists freely concede that new Great Powers are emerging in the world, and that China and India have the potential to become superpowers in the future, but still maintain that regional and global organizations like NATO and the EU exist because states find them useful.   Perhaps another world war is very unlikely, particularly in an age of nuclear weapons, but the Great Powers still intervene regularly in the poorer regions of the planet to control natural resources, just as they always did in the past   (Nye, p. 103).   When one nation becomes too powerful and hegemonic in the international system, as the U.S. did after the Cold War, other powers will form coalitions and alliances to limit its influence, which Russia and China have been doing in recent years (Nye, p. 74).   For realists, none of this is new, but just part of the normal balance of power in the international order. Conclusion Traditional realism, which was one the dominant theory in IR, has indeed come under a severe challenge in recent decades from a plethora of alternative theories and definitions, which were especially necessary for the field if it was going to account for all the new developments in trade, technology, and global capitalism in the ‘postmodern’ era.   It could not survive as a serious academic discipline if it simply relied on the theoretical knowledge that existed in the very different world of 1900 or 1950, or to assume that war and diplomacy among the Great Powers are still the only worthwhile and important events that must be explained (Brown and Ainley 2009).   This is not to deny the existence of empires, great powers and superpowers, or their tremendous influence in the international system, only to insist that the world has become more complex and pluralistic in reality over the last thirty years.   Global capitalism and its opponents, the expansion of trade a nd the development of new technologies have also made the world appear to be far more interdependent and interconnected than ever before, even though there are still few international institutions that have real power over the U.S. and the other Great Powers- at least not yet. REFERENCES Brown, C., 1994. â€Å"’Turtles All the Way Down: Anti-foundationalism, Critical Theory and International Relations, Millennium, Vol. 23, No. 2 (1994), pp. 213-36. Brown, C. and K. Ainley. 2009. Understanding International Relations, 4th Edition. Palgrave MacMillan. Cox, R. 2010. The Point is Not Just to Explore the World but to Change It, in in Reus-Smit, Christian, and Duncan Snidal (eds), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations, Oxford University Press, pp. 84-93. Nye, J. S. 2008. Understanding International Conflicts: An Introduction to Theory and History, 7th Edition. Longman. Reus-Smit, Christian, and Duncan Snidal, Between Utopia and Reality: The Practical Discourses of International Relations, in idem (eds), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations, Oxford UP, 2010, pp. 3-40. Walt, S. 1998. â€Å"International Relations: One World, Many Theories†, Foreign Policy, 110, Special Edition: Frontiers of Knowledge (Spring 1998), pp. 29-32+34-46.

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Essay Example

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Essay Example Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Paper Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Paper Essay Topic: Poetry sound repeated within words where vowel sounds are repeated define assonance sound repeated where identical or similar consonant sounds are repeated at the end or within a line define consonance repetition recurrence of sounds, words, phrases, lines, or stanzas in a speech or piece of writing; increases the feeling of unity in a poem or song, called a refrain imagery language that emphasizes sensory impressions to help the reader of a literary work see, feel, hear, small and taste the scenes described in the work wants to look around why does the speaker stop in the woods? unsure of why theyre stopping why does the horse shake its bells? the village in the poem, what are the woods contrasted with? reminds the readers of his destination why does the poet repeat the last lines of the poem? AABA BBCB CCDC DDDD what is the rhyme scheme of the poem? sound besides sight imagery, what sense do lines 9-12 appeal to? reflective what is the overall tone of the poem? examples of consonance and assonance sounds sweet, he harness, bells gives, whose woods these, he see me, not stopping, woods frozen The poet is in the middle of the woods, enjoying nature and its peacefulness. However, he has something to do in the village and he knows he has to go. Hes not sure if he should stay or go, but he decides to leave. Describe the conflict hes facing. the village where does the owner of the woods live? theres nothing there why would the horse think its odd to stop there? wind and snow blowing what the poet hears besides the horses bells has somewhere to be and promises to keep why does the speaker decide to carry on with the journey? emphasizes how long of a trip he has left what is the effect of repeating the final lines of a poem? and miles to go before I sleep, and miles to go before I sleep. what is repeated? helps readers appreciate the sound of a poem how do assonance and consonance strengthen the poem? helps you visualize the woods how efficiently does the speaker convey his attitude to the woods on the snowy evening? he enjoys watching nature what do these activities tel you about the speakers personality?

Temperance Movement and Prohibition Timeline

Temperance Movement and Prohibition Timeline The 19th and early 20th century saw considerable organizing for temperance or prohibition.   Temperance usually refers to seeking to inspire individuals to moderate liquor use or abstain from drinking liquor. Prohibition usually refers to making it illegal to manufacture or sell alcohol. The Effects on Families   The effects of drunkenness on families―in a society in which women had limited rights to divorce or custody, or even to control their own earnings―and the growing evidence of medical effects of alcohol, prompted efforts to convince individuals to take the pledge to abstain from alcohol, and then to persuade states, localities and eventually the nation to prohibit the manufacture and sale of alcohol. Some religious groups, notably the Methodists, believed that drinking liquor was sinful. The Progressive Movement By the early 20th century, the liquor industry, like other industries, had extended its control. In many cities, saloons and taverns were controlled or owned by liquor companies. The growing presence of women in the political sphere was accompanied by and reinforced by the belief that women had a special role in preserving families and health and thus to work to end liquor consumption, manufacture and sale. The Progressive movement often took the side of temperance and prohibition. The 18th Amendment   In 1918 and 1919, the federal government passed the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, making manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors illegal under its power to regulate interstate commerce.   The proposal became the Eighteenth Amendment in 1919 and took effect in 1920.  It was the First Amendment to include a time limit for ratification, though it was quickly ratified by 46 of the 48 states. Decriminalizing the Liquor Industry   It was soon clear that criminalizing liquor had increased the power of organized crime and the corruption of law enforcement, and that consumption of liquor continued.   By the early 1930s, public sentiment was on the side of decriminalizing the liquor industry, and in 1933, the 21st Amendment overturned the 18th and prohibition ended. Some states continued to permit a local option for prohibition or to control liquor statewide. The following timeline shows the chronology of some of the major events in the movement to convince individuals to abstain from liquor and the movement to prohibit commerce in liquor. Timeline Year Event 1773 John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, preached that drinking alcohol was sinful. 1813 Connecticut Society for the Reformation of Morals founded. 1813 Massachusetts Society for the Suppression of Intemperance founded. 1820s The consumption of alcohol in the U.S. was 7 gallons per capita per year. 1826 Boston area ministers founded the American Temperance Society (ATS). 1831 American Temperance Society had 2,220 local chapters and 170,000 members. 1833 American Temperance Union (ATU) founded, merging two existing national temperance organizations. 1834 American Temperance Society had 5,000 local chapters and 1 million members. 1838 Massachusetts prohibited the sale of alcohol in amounts less than 15 gallons. 1839 September 28: Frances Willard born. 1840 Consumption of alcohol in the U.S. had been lowered to 3 gallons of alcohol per year per capita. 1840 Massachusetts repealed its 1838 prohibition law but permitted local option. 1840 Washington Temperance Society founded in Baltimore on April 2, named for the first U.S. president. Its members were reformed heavy drinkers from the working class who took the pledge to abstain from alcohol, and the movement to establish local Washington Temperance Societies was called the Washingtonian movement. 1842 John B. Gough took the pledge and began lecturing against drinking, becoming a major orator for the movement. 1842 Washington Society publicized that they had inspired 600,000 abstinence pledges. 1843 Washington Societies had mostly disappeared. 1845 Maine passed statewide prohibition; other states followed with what were called Maine laws. 1845 In Massachusetts, under the 1840 local option law, 100 towns had local prohibition laws. 1846 November 25: Carrie Nation (or Carry) born in Kentucky: future prohibition activist whose method was vandalism. 1850 Consumption of alcohol in the U.S. had been lowered to 2 gallons of alcohol per year per capita. 1851 Maine prohibited the sale or making of any alcoholic beverage. 1855 13 of the 40 states had prohibition laws. 1867 Carrie (or Carry) Amelia Moore married Dr. Charles Gloyd; he died in 1869 of the effects of alcoholism. Her second marriage was in 1874, to David A. Nation, a minister, and attorney. 1869 National Prohibition Party founded. 1872 National Prohibition Party nominated James Black (Pennsylvania) for President; he received 2,100 votes 1873 December 23: Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) organized. 1874 Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) officially founded at its Cleveland national convention. Annie Wittenmyer elected president and advocated focusing on the single issue of prohibition. 1876 Worlds Womens Christian Temperance Union founded. 1876 National Prohibition Party nominated Green Clay Smith (Kentucky) for President; he received 6,743 votes 1879 Frances Willard became president of the WCTU. She led the organization in being active in working for a living wage, the 8-hour day, womens suffrage, peace, and other issues. 1880 National Prohibition Party nominated Neal Dow (Maine) for President; he received 9,674 votes 1881 WCTU membership was 22,800. 1884 National Prohibition Party nominated John P. St. John (Kansas) for President; he received 147,520 votes. 1888 The Supreme Court struck down state prohibition laws if they forbid the sale of alcohol that was transported into the state in its original passage, on the basis of the federal power to regulate interstate commerce. Thus, hotels and clubs could sell an unopened bottle of liquor, even if the state banned alcohol sales. 1888 Frances Willard elected president of the Worlds WCTU. 1888 National Prohibition Party nominated Clinton B. Fisk (New Jersey) for President; he received 249,813 votes. 1889 Carry Nation and her family moved to Kansas, where she began a chapter of the WCTU and began working to enforce the liquor ban in that state. 1891 WCTU membership was 138,377. 1892 National Prohibition Party nominated John Bidwell (California) for President; he received 270,770 votes, the largest any of their candidates ever received. 1895 American Anti-Saloon League founded. (Some sources date this to 1893) 1896 National Prohibition Party nominated Joshua Levering (Maryland) for President; he received 125,072 votes. In a party fight, Charles Bentley of Nebraska was also nominated; he received 19,363 votes. 1898 February 17: Frances Willard died. Lillian M. N. Stevens succeeded her as president of the WCTU, serving until 1914. 1899 Kansas prohibition advocate, nearly six foot tall Carry Nation, began a 10-year campaign against illegal saloons in Kansas, destroying furniture and liquor containers with an ax while dressed as a Methodist deaconess. She was often jailed; lecture fees and ax sales paid her fines. 1900 National Prohibition Party nominated John G. Woolley (Illinois) for President; he received 209,004 votes. 1901 WCTU membership was 158,477. 1901 WCTU took a position against the playing of golf on Sundays. 1904 National Prohibition Party nominated Silas C. Swallow (Pennsylvania) for President; he received 258,596 votes. 1907 The state constitution of Oklahoma included prohibition. 1908 In Massachusetts, 249 towns and 18 cities banned alcohol. 1908 National Prohibition Party nominated Eugene W. Chapin (Illinois) for President; he received 252,821 votes. 1909 There were more saloons than schools, churches or libraries in the United States: one per 300 citizens. 1911 WCTU membership was 245,299. 1911 Carry Nation, prohibition activist who destroyed saloon property from 1900-1910, died. She was buried in Missouri, where the local WCTU erected a tombstone with the epitaph She hath done what she could. 1912 National Prohibition Party nominated Eugene W. Chapin (Illinois) for President; he received 207,972 votes. Woodrow Wilson won the election. 1912 Congress passed a law overturning the Supreme Courts 1888 ruling, permitting states to forbid all alcohol, even in containers that had been sold in interstate commerce. 1914 Anna Adams Gordon became the fourth president of the WCTU, serving until 1925. 1914 The Anti-Saloon League proposed a constitutional amendment to prohibit the sale of alcohol. 1916 Sidney J. Catts elected Florida Governor as a Prohibition Party candidate. 1916 National Prohibition Party nominated J. Frank Hanly (Indiana) for President; he received 221,030 votes. 1917 Wartime prohibition passed. Anti-German feelings transferred to being against beer. Prohibition advocates argued that the liquor industry was an unpatriotic use of resources, especially grain. 1917 Senate and House passed resolutions with the language of the 18th Amendment and sent it to the states for ratification. 1918 The following states ratified the 18th Amendment: Mississippi, Virginia, Kentucky, North Dakota, South Carolina, Maryland, Montana, Texas, Delaware, South Dakota, Massachusetts, Arizona, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida. Connecticut voted against ratification. 1919 January 2 - 16: the following states ratified the 18th Amendment: Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, Idaho, Maine, West Virginia, California, Tennessee, Washington, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Alabama, Colorado, Iowa, New Hampshire, Oregon, North Carolina, Utah, Nebraska, Missouri, Wyoming. 1919 January 16: 18th Amendment ratified, establishing prohibition as the law of the land. The ratification was certified on January 29. 1919 January 17 - February 25: although the requisite number of states had already ratified the 18th Amendment, the following states also ratified it: Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Vermont, Pennsylvania. Rhode Island became the second (of two) states to vote against ratification. 1919 Congress passed the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilsons veto, establishing procedures and powers to enforce prohibition under the 18th Amendment. 1920 January: Prohibition Era began. 1920 National Prohibition Party nominated Aaron S. Watkins (Ohio) for President; he received 188,685 votes. 1920 August 26: the 19th Amendment, granting the vote to women, became law. (The Day the Suffrage Battle Was Won 1921 WCTU membership was 344,892. 1922 Although the 18th Amendment had already been ratified, New Jersey added its ratification vote on March 9, becoming the 48th of 48 states to take a position on the Amendment, and the 46th state to vote for ratification. 1924 National Prohibition Party nominated Herman P. Faris (Missouri) for President, and a woman, Marie C. Brehm (California), for Vice President; they received 54,833 votes. 1925 Ella Alexander Boole became president of the WCTU, serving until 1933. 1928 National Prohibition Party nominating William F. Varney (New York) for president, narrowly failing to endorse Herbert Hoover instead. Varney received 20,095 votes. Herbert Hoover ran on the party ticket in California and won 14,394 votes from that party line. 1931 Membership in the WCTU was at its peak, 372,355. 1932 National Prohibition Party nominated William D. Upshaw (Georgia) for President; he received 81,916 votes. 1933 Ida Belle Wise Smith became president of the WCTU, serving until 1944. 1933 21st Amendment passed, repealing the 18th Amendment and prohibition. 1933 December: 21st Amendment took effect, repealing the 18th Amendment and thus prohibition. 1936 National Prohibition Party nominated D. Leigh Colvin (New York) for President; he received 37,667 votes. 1940 National Prohibition Party nominated Roger W. Babson (Massachusetts) for President; he received 58,743 votes. 1941 WCTU membership had fallen to 216,843. 1944 Mamie White Colvin became president of the WCTU, serving until 1953. 1944 National Prohibition Party nominated Claude A. Watson (California) for President; he received 74,735 votes 1948 National Prohibition Party nominated Claude A. Watson (California) for President; he received 103,489 votes 1952 National Prohibition Party nominated Stuart Hamblen (California) for President; he received 73,413 votes. The party continued to run candidates in subsequent elections, never gaining as many as 50,000 votes again. 1953 Agnes Dubbs Hays became president of the WCTU, serving until 1959.

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 19

Globalization - Essay Example It  Furthered stated that the environmental challenges such as  climate change, cross-boundary  water  and  air pollution, and  over-fishing  of the ocean are linked with globalization.  Globalizing processes is affect by the business  and  work  organization,  economics,  socio-cultural  resources, and the  natural environment.  When you are referring to trade and transactions, globalization has led countries to increase their shares in the world trade resulting greater variation among major regions. For instance, the  newly industrialized economies  (NIEs) of Asia prospered due to globalization while African countries as a whole performed poorly. The countrys exports are an important indicator of success. Manufactured goods are exports soared dominated by developed countries and newly industrialized economies (NIEs). Commodity exported such as food and raw materials were often produced by developing countries while commodities share of total expo rts has declined over periods. The interactions amongst states which was on a global scale confined to Asia, North Africa, the Middle East and certain parts of Europe marked their success in the world of trade.  In the early globalization, it was difficult for states to interact with others who were not within close proximity. The advance technology has allowed states to learn from others who existence in trade markets. The third has to do with  interdependency, stability and regularity. When a state is not depending on other states then there is no way they can mutually affected by another. This is the driving force behind global connections and trade. With globalization states can be able to get what they are not able to produce from other state and supply what they produce to other state. Due to globalization approach and its modern forms have resulted to the  industrial revolution. This is though industrialization standard  production

A new health drink based out of fresh juices Assignment

A new health drink based out of fresh juices - Assignment Example However, Fruit-shots allows consumers to get a healthy bottle of juice in the most convenient manner. The new trend towards healthy is responsible for the rapid growth of the beverage industry but other factors also influence consumer demand. Consumer purchasing power is among the factors that influence consumer demand in the beverages market. The recent global financial crisis eroded consumer purchasing power and a significant number of consumers reduced spending on consumer products. Fruit-shots offer consumers the opportunity to consume healthy meals at the most affordable prices. Research statistics reveal a growing demand for fresh juice from low income as well as middle income households. Another factor that influences the demand and supply of fresh juice is seasonal changes. There is a high demand for fresh juice during summer because of the warm weather conditions. The emergence of fruit and vegetable diseases has a negative impact on consumer attitudes towards the consumption of Fruit-shots. Finally, the low shelf life of fresh juice influences the quantity of Fruit-shots t hat consumers will be willing to purchase from retail outlets. The operational purposes and overall goals of this marketing project are three-fold. First of all, this marketing project aims at assessing Fruit-shots’ current situations. Secondly, the marketing project identifies the company’s current market share and brand performance. Finally, the project summarizes the company’s decisions. The genesis of the marketing project involves an analysis of the company’s market size and brand profitability. The analysis yields information on the company’s market reach and performance of individual brands. Fruit-shots will prepare a line graph chart, which reveals that the company has recorded consistent growth in the last six quarters. The company has recorded gradual and consistent increase in market size since its inception in the

Boston marathon bombing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Boston marathon bombing - Research Paper Example Boston marathon bombings. Thesis Statement This paper intends to identify the various aspects associated with the Boston Bombings Massacre. In relation to this context, the paper also aims at fulfilling the objective of learning the possible ways through which future attacks similar to that of Boston Marathon Bombings can be prevented. In addition, the paper will also reflect upon the roles that have been played by the police along with other authorities in the case along with the benefits that can be attained by them if such similar instances occur in the near future. Introduction The Boston Marathon bombings that was held on 15th of April, 2013 kept the world speechless. The Boston Marathon bombings revealed about the grievous damage that can be caused by using few household appliances and lower-power explosive resources. This massacre took away 3 lives and injured around 264 people (The Boston Globe, 2013). The bombs were responsible for creating high amount of impacts as the bomb s exploded in a continuous manner for around 13 seconds in Boylston Street (The Boston Globe, 2013). Thus, the paper will highlights the concerning factors associated with the adversity of the bombings in an in-depth manner. ... Boston marathon bombing that shook the nation and its people. In relation to this aspect, the paper will also comprise different aspects associated with the prevention of terrorism. Summary In relation to the aspects of the Boston marathon bombing, the paper will provide a clear cut idea pertaining to the adversities associated with it. In this similar respect, the paper will highlight certain argumentative sections comprising the rationale of the attacks backed with further understandings of the subject matter with the help of a short literature review. In relation to the benefits, it can be said that the police can widely be benefitted through the Boston marathon bombing. This fact delivers the maximum amount of weightage owing to the participation of the police in reducing the terrorist attacks in near future. It will definitely allow them to showcase their diversified skills in controlling terrorism and attacks. Moreover, it will also allow the police department to make strong co llaboration with broad governmental authorities to cope up with such drastic attacks in the near future. Moreover, it will also provide them with an in-depth knowledge about the prospective danger that simple household appliances and lower-power explosives can cause. In regards to this incident the view of Southers (2013) states â€Å"the threat does not begin and end with al Qaeda†. This view point also provides an in-sight to the police team about being more cautious and assertive in combatting terrorist attacks. However, Boston marathon bombing in the future definitely poses hazards to the public, which causes great deal of concern in their minds. Further instances of such events will definitely lead

Business Ethics and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Ethics and Law - Essay Example Basically, the interests of stakeholders are to increase their benefits from the organizations. To achieve this goal, business has to incur cost and this will reduce the earnings of investors. Therefore, in most cases managers compromise the interests of stakeholders in order to increase the income of the shareholders. Question one Business owners invest their resources in businesses and appoint directors to run those businesses on their behalf. This is because in most cases the owners of the capital lack expertise to run those businesses by their own, or they have other things to attend to hence they are left with no time to manage their own businesses (Adam, 2009). Sometimes even where they are present the businesses are may be too enormous for them to run on their own. The directors are given authority to mobilize the resources of the investors in a way that will maximize returns for the investors. Therefore, managers have a duty to ensure that their activities are focused on incr easing the returns for investors. However, they also have to ensure that the company’s stakeholders are considered when making decisions for the company (Cameron, Seher, & Crawley, 2010). These stakeholders include government, the community, consumers, suppliers and even the business rivals. These stakeholders are very crucial in any situation because their individual decisions will influence the position of the business. The argument of Joseph Johnston is that organizations are established to serve the needs of both stakeholders and the shareholders (Wettstein, 2009). According to stakeholder’s theory, in case of any clash of significance between the shareholders and investors, the managers should compromise the investor’s benefit for the sake of stakeholders. The investors concern is to reap the best form their investments. The clients concern in the business is to have a constant supply of superior products at affordable prices (Ananymous, nd). The public wan t to ensure that the organization is not oppressing people. The employees want to get the best pay from the organization. Different stakeholders have different concerns in the organization (Bebchuk & Fried, 2004). In actual sense, I believe stakeholder’s theory does not work because of inconsistency of interests among the parties concerned (Cameron, Seher, & Crawley, 2010). Managers are in control of the organizations and they are responsible for setting strategies and meansto achieve them. Since the interest of the investors is to create more wealth their desire is to invest in ventures which guarantee them greater returns. However, in most cases ventures that have higher returns are prone to perils (Bomann-Larsen & Wiggen, 2005, p. 76). Therefore, managers generally do not like risking and desire to safeguard their jobs. As a result, the managers invest shareholders resources to less risky ventures despite their decreased returns to ensure that their jobs are stable. On the other hand, stakeholders such as clients will desire superior products at affordable prices. Producing superior commodities requires extra resources which results to increase in prices for the commodities. Since managers also want to ensure that their employers have vast returns, most of the time they charge higher prices for inferior products (Cameron, Seher,

Food Law and Regulation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Food Law and Regulation - Term Paper Example According to Chinese scientists, consumption of bread that contains estrogen-like can lead to enlargement of breasts in male. Such enlargement of breasts would develop if the male consumed large amount of estrogen. It was concluded that male with large breasts must have consumed bread containing synthetic estrogen. Furthermore, traditional breads that contain dong quai are believed to constitute estrogen-like components. Specialists argue that people should consume traditional breads under strict supervision of a qualified herbalist to avoid any complications. In addition, they demanded that any bread that contains estrogen-like components should be indicated. Only those who want the component should purchase it. To maintain safe milk in Canada, any milk meant for human consumption must be subjected to various regulatory acts which are imposed by Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Canadian  Agriculture Products Act and Dairy Product Regulations. These organizations ensure that any milk meant for the human consumption is graded and packed in healthy containers to avoid any contamination. In addition, they collaborate with companies that produce livestock food to ensure they do not include large or harmful amount of estrogen. Lastly, before any dairy product is allowed to the market, it must be tested to ensure it does not contain any harmful estrogen-like components (Science.gov, 2013). Nutritionists in Canada and USA argued advised people to consume organically produced food most of the time. They also claimed that utilization of cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower and kale are helpful as they contain substances that aid in elimination of harmful estrogens. Those who love fish and meat were encouraged to consume wild fish and hormone-free meat to avoid absorbing harmful estrogen in their body system. Farmers are encouraged to avoid using pesticides to control weeds. Instead, they were

Business Ethics and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Ethics and Law - Essay Example Basically, the interests of stakeholders are to increase their benefits from the organizations. To achieve this goal, business has to incur cost and this will reduce the earnings of investors. Therefore, in most cases managers compromise the interests of stakeholders in order to increase the income of the shareholders. Question one Business owners invest their resources in businesses and appoint directors to run those businesses on their behalf. This is because in most cases the owners of the capital lack expertise to run those businesses by their own, or they have other things to attend to hence they are left with no time to manage their own businesses (Adam, 2009). Sometimes even where they are present the businesses are may be too enormous for them to run on their own. The directors are given authority to mobilize the resources of the investors in a way that will maximize returns for the investors. Therefore, managers have a duty to ensure that their activities are focused on incr easing the returns for investors. However, they also have to ensure that the company’s stakeholders are considered when making decisions for the company (Cameron, Seher, & Crawley, 2010). These stakeholders include government, the community, consumers, suppliers and even the business rivals. These stakeholders are very crucial in any situation because their individual decisions will influence the position of the business. The argument of Joseph Johnston is that organizations are established to serve the needs of both stakeholders and the shareholders (Wettstein, 2009). According to stakeholder’s theory, in case of any clash of significance between the shareholders and investors, the managers should compromise the investor’s benefit for the sake of stakeholders. The investors concern is to reap the best form their investments. The clients concern in the business is to have a constant supply of superior products at affordable prices (Ananymous, nd). The public wan t to ensure that the organization is not oppressing people. The employees want to get the best pay from the organization. Different stakeholders have different concerns in the organization (Bebchuk & Fried, 2004). In actual sense, I believe stakeholder’s theory does not work because of inconsistency of interests among the parties concerned (Cameron, Seher, & Crawley, 2010). Managers are in control of the organizations and they are responsible for setting strategies and meansto achieve them. Since the interest of the investors is to create more wealth their desire is to invest in ventures which guarantee them greater returns. However, in most cases ventures that have higher returns are prone to perils (Bomann-Larsen & Wiggen, 2005, p. 76). Therefore, managers generally do not like risking and desire to safeguard their jobs. As a result, the managers invest shareholders resources to less risky ventures despite their decreased returns to ensure that their jobs are stable. On the other hand, stakeholders such as clients will desire superior products at affordable prices. Producing superior commodities requires extra resources which results to increase in prices for the commodities. Since managers also want to ensure that their employers have vast returns, most of the time they charge higher prices for inferior products (Cameron, Seher,